Dadaism
Dada was an artistic and cultural movement that began during World War I in Zurich; and extended to cities like Berlin, Paris and New York City. It mainly impacted literature, graphic design, visual arts and theater. Dadaism has influenced many other artistic styles, including Surrealism and Pop Art. In fact, many artists involved with this movement later became Surrealists.
Dada was a rejection of the evils of war and the oppressive nature of conventional society. Dada artists had a contemptuous, sarcastic attitude toward traditional art forms, social values and contemporary culture. Works from this movement have been described as cryptic, irrational, playful, absurd and instictive; but that was their goal. Dada was supposed to represent the exact opposite of standardized art- the interpretation of the art is up to the viewer.
Salvador Dali and many other Parisian Surrealists were directly involved with or influenced by Dadaism.